Plants often show nyctinastic response that is controlled by light and circadian rhythm. Legumes, “oxalis”, and the aquatic fern “Marsilea” have a special organ pulvinus for nyctinastic move…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
Luminol exhibits repeatedly strong and momentary chemiluminescence in the presence of SCN- and low Cu2+ concentrations, which is typically ascribed to the formation of HO2. However, the decr…
Translational Medical Science
Second Award
Sericin is a protein found in silk produced by the silkworm (Bombyx mori) that may be useful as a growth promoter in cultured animal cells. Existing extraction methods require thermal denatu…
The author proposes sonification of software's behavior to improve information security. Nowadays many people use computers without knowing what are going on inside. Computers are usually co…
Silvervine is a deciduous vine that is native to the continent of Asia and the islands of Japan. This plant has two unique characteristics: (1) leaves on the end part of the shoot turn white…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
Third Award
It is known that copper plates are heated in the air to form copper(I) oxide on their surfaces and give various colors due to optical interference of thin film. Heating copper foil was found…
Currently, most colorization of black-and-white photos is performed manually. However, manual colorization is expensive, as well as being inaccurate because of depending on the intuition of…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
Unless ruptured, eggshell membranes (ESM) prevent eggs from spoiling at room temperature. Based on this protective function of the contents of an egg by ESM, we assumed it could also potenti…
Within the 45 actinomycetes strains isolated from schoolyard soil using agar plate culture, 21 strains showed some antibiotic activity for bacteria (Kokuria rhizophila, Bacillus subtilis) an…
Fourth Award
Phase-locked loop (PLL) control has been widely applied, for example, in hard disk drives, which require extremely precise control of their rotational speed. The present study is the develop…
Systems Software
How honeybees accomplish the construction of their delicate combs was repeatedly examined by many investigators. Precise mechanisms are however still not clear. The shape honeybees need is a…
Third Award
The Great East Japan Earthquake caused serious damage due to many mountain slope failures, indicating the necessity of predicting the locations and extents of such failures in advance. In th…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
Clown fish (an anemone fish) Amphiprion ocellaris symbiotically lives among tentacles of sea anemone Stichodactyla gigantean without suffering any attacks of nematocyst discharge from the se…
Systems Software
A 12-lead electrocardiograms(ECGs) is widely used. Medical doctors depend on experience for diagnosing arrhythmia. Yet, they may make a wrong arrhythmia diagnosis. Although convenient automa…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
In recent years, there has been significant interest in the use of hydrogen as an alternative energy source. In order to allow the safe handling of hydrogen, however, it is important to redu…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
In recent decades, due to rapid industrialization in many developing countries, there have been increased emissions of photochemical oxidants, whose main component is ozone. High ozone conce…
Exogenous treatment of ethylene, the plant hormone is involved in the curling of cotyledons of Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus). However, even without giving ethylene fr…
Plants have the ability to regenerate tissue after being injured or cut. Previous studies have examined the recovery mechanisms employed in stems and this knowledge has been applied to agric…
Systems Software
With detailed analyses of flying motion of a helicopter like bamboo toy, “Bamboo dragonfly”, we revealed and analyzed a back flow effect on a lift force appeared under a non-stationary condi…
Cellular and Molecular Biology
Insects are known to be able to warm their bodies endogenously and to regulate their body temperatures by themselves. However precise mechanisms of their body temperature regulations are not…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Mainstream content on the Internet is becoming less text-based, with more emphasis given to videos. As a result, the demands on automatic summarization are rapidly increasing. In the summari…
Plant Sciences
Several studies have attempted to model territory establishment by small animals. However, verification of these models is often difficult by insufficient data. The small crab, Uca lactea, w…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
To separate and identify metallic ions, precipitation and filtration should be repeated. Furthermore, many kinds of reagents should be used and operations are complicated. A new method for s…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines
New emergency power sources are continually being sought, particularly for use during natural disasters when power supplies are interrupted. Luminescent bacteria are currently widely used fo…
Engineering Mechanics
Second Award
Three years have passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake. In light of the nuclear power plant accident that occurred in its aftermath, the importance of developing environmentally benig…
Cellular and Molecular Biology
Euglena, a phytomastigophora, moves either with its flagellum beating vigorously or with its body surface crooking and twisting. The latter movement, known as euglenoid movement, is frequent…
Physics and Astronomy
C3 plants open their stomata depending on blue light absorbed by phototropins during the daytime to get CO2 for photosynthesis and close stomata at night. By contrast, CAM plants like cacti…
Energy: Chemical
Diatom fossils and mud contents of a Neogene deep-water formation in Niigata, Japan were analyzed focusing on the formation of turbidite bed. This formation contains many turbidite beds, eac…
Plant Sciences
The isopod, Armadillidium vulgare, or pill bug, is about 1 cm long, has 14 legs and no wings. Isopods tend to turn in alternating directions—that is, to turn in the opposite direction of the…
Energy: Physical
When sand contains water, it has plastic properties and can assume a variety of forms. In Japan, this characteristic of mud has long been used by children to make doro-dango, or mud balls. S…