Plant Sciences
If the timings of flower opening and closing could be controlled or predicted, it is worth applying to agronomical uses, such as artificial pollination. It is reported that the flower openin…
Chemistry
In "Seimikaiso", the first Japanese systematic chemistry book published in 1847, the author wrote that " When we mix diethyl ether with the Au solution (which means Au(III) solution), Au is…
Microbiology
Fourth Award
Yeast species in floral nectar, especially Saccharomyces cerevisiae, show high alcohol fermentation properties, with nectar-dwelling non-Saccharomyces yeast Metschnikowia pulcherrima additio…
Plant Sciences
Fourth Award
Two critical factors are involved in blooming of the morning glory, Pharbitis nil, a popular summer-flowering plant in Japan: (i) light/dark stimulus the evening before the day of flowering,…
Physics and Astronomy
Fourth Award
Meteors are the visible tracks of small grains that enter Earth’s atmosphere from space. They collide with air molecules and create streaks of light in the upper atmosphere. The purpose of t…
Engineering Mechanics
The five-story pagodas in Japanese ancient times have never been collapsed by earthquakes for 1,300 years. Therefore, they are highly earthquake resistant. Elucidation of this earthquake-res…
Physics and Astronomy
Fourth Award
The major result from recent studies is that there are two additional small images formed at the front and the back side of a convex lens, which were termed “secondary real images”. Secondar…
Materials Science
Anodized aluminum has an artificial oxide film on its surface and is used for household products such as metal dishes or tea kettles. In general, synthetic dyes are used for coloring anodize…
Energy: Chemical
Second Award
In order to realize a sustainable society, artificial photosynthesis has been gaining attention and has been widely studied in recent years. This research focused on tantalum oxide, which ca…
Embedded Systems
Sound posts are essential musical instrument components particular to the violin family that transfer string vibrations to the plates, where they resonate the instrument body to produce soun…
Engineering Mechanics
The challenge of this study is “to make a wooden CNC from scratch”. Normally, CNCs are made of metal owing to its high rigidity, however this time, I made it with wood, which is cheaper and…
Animal Sciences
Meimuna opalifera, with its characteristic song, is a well-known cicada in Japan. On the mainland of Japan, we always hear its song composed of 4 phrases, while in some isles of the Osumi Is…
Engineering Mechanics
An “Energy Saving SwimFin” was developed aiming to increase propelling speed while reducing energy consumption and decreasing load on the feet. Developing a model system comprised of a minia…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Water vapor is one of the major greenhouse gases in the atmosphere along with carbon dioxide and has a great impact on the greenhouse effect. Therefore, it is very important to know distribu…
Physics and Astronomy
The color of soap-bubble films changes with thickness due to light interference. As a film become thinner with time, it would normally be expected to become blue or violet as the wavelength…
Engineering Mechanics
Recently, driverless cars attract a lot of attention to avoid human errors. Buses usually run on prescribed routes, and are easier to automatically control. As a running course of a bus is p…
Animal Sciences
Second Award
Staining of silk threads and clothes is widely conducted chemically in factories and industry. However, chemically produced stainings of silk threads and clothes are not always fine and exce…
Engineering Mechanics
Second Award
Propellers are used in many fields. Improving propeller efficiency leads to solving energy problems. Conventional studies aiming at improving propeller efficiency normally focus on changing…
Animal Sciences
The giant water strider, Aquarius elongatus, is one of the most noticeable semiaquatic insects in Japan. Because of its agility when skating, and ability to float on the water surface, this…
Calculating all fifth-order magic square (5MS) arrangements with a high-performance computer (HPC) was performed in 156 minutes in 2014. My aim in the present research was to develop and imp…
First Award
Stepper motors are used in printers, copiers, and industrial machinery because of their low cost, durability, and high positioning and holding performance. However, they have high power cons…
Marine pollutants such as microplastics and oil spills are major environmental hazards. The beaches of the Seto Inland Sea of Japan have become littered with plastics and polystyrene foam. I…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
The bottom part of the nutrient medium-filled test tube where Drosophila melanogaster larvae are kept doesn’t become moldy, while its upper part where adult flies are dwelling becomes moldy.…
An “uchiwa” fan is excellent both for cooling down and for saving energy. There are various hand fans in the world, while a Japanese “uchiwa” is unique in its bare hand bones structure. The…
Nitrate (NO3-) ions pose a serious threat due to eutrophication and health issues such as blue baby syndrome, cancers, and diabetes; however, methods for sustainable denitrification have yet…
Appearance of a wave pattern staying around a stationary object in water current is a same phenomenon as a wake advancing with a moving object in still water such as Kelvin wave following a…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
When we did an experiment on electrolysis using mechanical pencil leads as electrodes, one of the electrodes happened to be broken and fell into the electrolytic solution. The experiment was…
Aspergillus oryzae is a filamentous fungus that grows well and forms large colonies on starch-rich Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates. Light and temperature are recognized as major environmen…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
In aerodynamics of cicada’s flight, forewing and hindwing have been treated as one wing, and the hindwings were considered only to increase the gross wing area (Wan et al., 2015). In order t…
PEFCs are expected to become high-efficiency next-generation power sources. However, for over 40 years, the performance of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane has been the primary bottlen…