Chemistry
The thermal decomposition of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (MAP), a fertilizer recovered from wastewater, was investigated to identify reaction conditions that prevent ammonia los…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines
Microplastics have a devastating effect on global ecosystems, however, conventional monitoring methods are expensive, inefficient, and cumbersome requiring week-long laboratory analyses, whi…
Chemistry
Cu holds great potential as a catalyst for the Haber–Bosch process. This study explored the impact of a catalytic support on the fundamental capabilities of Cu and its ability to maintain am…
Physics and Astronomy
Electromagnetic forces inside matter are fundamental in condensed matter physics but there are multiple theories that describe them and it is yet to be determined which theory is correct. Th…
Biochemistry
Drug repositioning—the repurposing of existing drugs for new applications—provides high safety but is still limited in gene therapy. As gene therapy research grows globally, safe genome engi…
Physics and Astronomy
This study elucidates the physical mechanisms behind the self-stabilizing behavior of liquid-filled eggs, which suppress motion more effectively than solid-filled ones. Although this phenome…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
Extreme heat days have recently become more frequent, exacerbating high-temperature damage in rice cultivation. To address this problem, in this study, we developed a heat pipe (HP) that tra…
Chemistry
The traffic light reaction is a visual chemistry magic experiment that allows the observation of redox reactions. This reaction involves the blue dye indigo carmine (IC) being reduced by glu…
Physics and Astronomy
This study examines the dynamics of a spinning pencil cap on a smooth surface—a motion commonly observed during childhood play. As the cap spins about its axis, it simultaneously traces a ci…
Animal Sciences
Stag beetles are highly popular insects as pets in the world. During the larval stage, a pair of orange spot is observed exclusively on the abdomens of female larvae. These structures common…
Technology Enhances the Arts
Kintsugi is a traditional Japanese restoration technique for repairing broken objects, making them more beautiful and cherished over time. Rather than hiding damage, kintsugi highlights repa…
Plant Sciences
Whether plants—which lack a nervous system—can exhibit "intelligent" behaviors such as learning and stimulus discrimination remains a fundamental question in biology. I addressed this questi…
Animal Sciences
Although fish skin is widely recognized as an important physical and chemical barrier against infection, the specific defensive mechanisms mediated by skin mucus have been insufficiently cat…
Chemistry
This study was aimed at examining the effects of metal ions on the classical ninhydrin reaction. During the process, a surface-bound species was incidentally discovered, and its structure an…
Physics and Astronomy
Diving beetles (Dytiscidae) are among the most well-adapted freshwater insects. A previous study on variations in the length between the point of maximum width of the elytra and the tip of t…
Animal Sciences
Raw fish (sashimi) consumption is common in Japan, and angle-dependent coloration is regularly observed during meals. Although similar coloration has been reported in meat, few studies have…
Animal Sciences
Honeybees exhibit trophallaxis, a behavior in which a recipient extends their proboscis to drink a nectar droplet held by the donor's mouthparts. During this process, the recipient's antenna…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
Navigation inflexibility is a symptom observed in approximately 50% of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, why and how this disorder occurs has remained unclear. Computational modeling…
Physics and Astronomy
Origami and linkages are widely used across architecture, space engineering, and the natural world owing to their high interconnectivity, where a single input drives the entire mechanism. Bo…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
Low-temperature waste heat is an underutilized resource in industries, and energy-saving technologies can progress through the exploitation of this waste heat. In this study, we developed a…
Environmental Engineering
The overuse of fossil fuels and nitrogen fertilizers presents a significant environmental burden, necessitating sustainable alternatives. While mainstream algal biomass fuels derived from mi…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
Equine-assisted intervention (EAI) is known to improve humans’ psychological and physical functions. Equine-assisted activity (EAA) is one service of EAI that involves interaction between hu…
Plant Sciences
Sallyqueen is a rice variety derived from a Nipponbare × BASMATI370 cross. Its grain length and width are approximately 1.15 and 0.73 times that of Nipponbare, respectively. Some grains were…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Mental imagery is a sophisticated brain function that enables high-level inference and creation. The ability for mental imagery varies among individuals along various dimensions, such as viv…
Physics and Astronomy
When a vertically downward water jet strikes a horizontally placed disk, it forms a unique axisymmetric water film called a “water bell.” This water bell can undergo a dramatic and irreversi…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
Polymer electrolyte fuel cells convert fuel into electricity using a polymer membrane as an electrolyte, rendering them suitable for clean energy generation, particularly in home settings. H…
Materials Science
Aluminum materials are widely used in automobile bodies. However, their corrosion protection is insufficient, necessitating surface treatment techniques to enhance their long-term durability…
Materials Science
Millions of people die each year due to infectious diseases stemming from sewage contamination and unsanitary conditions. Previous research developed magnetic iron oxide particles capable of…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Forests store large quantities of carbon globally. However, a decrease in the forest area is considered to contribute to global warming. Protecting forest ecosystems is vital for curbing glo…
Biomedical Engineering
Benham's top, characterized by black-and-white patterns, induces an optical illusion where colors other than black and white are perceived as it is spun. This study aims to investigate this…