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Thermal Performance Optimization: Sustainable Composite Insulation Material

CSEF · 2026 Environmental Engineering (Track 2) (Senior Division)

Selene Luong, Sophia Heimberg

Overview

This study investigates the effects of varying recycled paper–plastic compositions on thermal energy transfer in a composite insulation material. The goal of the project was to explore a sustainable alternative to conventional insulation materials by utilizing recycled resources combined with natural binding agents. Composite samples were produced using blended recycled paper, recycled plastic pieces, perlite, gypsum, liquid latex, and linseed oil. The ratio of paper to plastic fibers was systematically varied while maintaining constant thickness, total mass, and binder composition. Thermal performance was evaluated using a model wall system in which a heat source was introduced, and temperature changes were recorded over time. The rate of temperature decrease within the insulated box was used to estimate relative thermal resistance. These findings support the hypothesis that porous cellulose structures enhance insulation efficiency by trapping air and limiting conductive and convective heat transfer. Ongoing testing with additional material ratios aims to further refine the ideal composition for sustainable composite insulation. These findings support the hypothesis that porous cellulose structures enhance insulation efficiency by trapping air and limiting conductive and convective heat transfer. A clear positive correlation was observed between increasing paper content and greater thermal retention, indicating that cellulose-rich compositions significantly improve insulation performance. Building on these results, ongoing testing is focused on expanding the range of material ratios to identify an optimal composition that balances thermal efficiency with structural integrity provided by plastic components. This continued investigation aims to determine the most effective proportion of recycled paper and plastic that maximizes insulation performance while maintaining durability and minimizing material waste, further supporting the development of sustainable, high-performance building materials.

Competition history

  • CSEF 2026 Environmental Engineering (Track 2) (Senior Division) · Entry S-12-18

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