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The Dancing Canvas: Decoding the Repercussion of Acoustic Frequency on Granular Patterns

CSEF · 2026 Physics & Astronomy (Junior Division)

Abhinav Senthil Kumar

Overview

The main emphasis of my project is to investigate how acoustic frequency affects pattern formation in vibrated granular materials. I pursued the phenomenon of particle dynamics. My hypothesis stated that higher acoustic frequencies would generate more intricate patterns, with increased nodal lines and faster stabilization of particles. A flat metal plate vibrated using sine wave generator at different frequencies, with sand, semolina, salt evenly distributed. Vibration created standing waves across plate surface, producing regions of maximum and minimum displacement. Granular particles migrated toward nodal lines, where vibration amplitude is minimal. Recorded observations, number of nodal lines, pattern clarity, and settling time. Results indicated as frequency increased, nodal lines increased, became denser, patterns more complex, stabilized faster due to efficient energy transfer. This demonstrates the relationship between wave frequency, resonance, and pattern formation. Insights from investigation have applications in SHM (Bridge-design), Bio devices such as actuators where resonance control is critical.

Competition history

  • CSEF 2026 Physics & Astronomy (Junior Division) · Entry J-17-12

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