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Design of an Active Magnetic Field Stabilization System for Quantum Gas Experiments

AJAS · 2025 Physics and Astronomy (inferred)

Mir Park · Washington State Academy of Sciences

Overview

Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) are a novel state of matter that exhibit unique characteristics where groups of atoms behave as a macroscopic wavefunction. BECs can be highly sensitive to magnetic fields, and some precision experiments require highly stable levels of magnetic fields in order to successfully be conducted. At Washington State University, an apparatus that can mitigate magnetic fluctuations to the order of 100 microgauss in a 1mm cubed region of interest is necessary for further experiments on BECs and their peculiar behaviors. The following work details the design and fabrication of a 3D cage with independently driven Helmholtz coils along each axis. Custom written simulations pre-validated design's effectiveness to maintain magnetic stability, followed by a model test. Afterwards, the bias cage was constructed (64.36x48.86x70.18 inches) and the helmholtz coils were wound. Upon completion of the cage, subsequent tests demonstrated its efficiency in modulating the magnetic field to stabilize environmental noise effectively. The difference between the experimentally measured magnetic fields and simulated results were found to be 8.3×10^(-3) Gauss per Ampere and an an R² value of 0.912 which underscores the precision of the finished construction of the bias cage. Additionally, an electronic control system featuring a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) algorithm and a power driver was developed. Although not yet implemented, this control system is designed to autonomously stabilize magnetic fields by using real-time feedback from magnetic field sensors to adjust the electric current driving the coils. Once operational, the system aims to dynamically stabilize external magnetic fluctuations, creating an optimal environment for BEC experiments.

Competition history

  • AJAS 2025 Category not listed

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Source: AAAS Annual Meeting (Confex) / American Junior Academy of Science

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