Microbiology
Fourth Award
The European Space Agency established that fruticose lichen species were capable of surviving in the vacuum of space due to their resilient upper cortex protecting them from UV radiation and…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Third Award
The unpredictable behavior of tumors is a problematic barrier to developing personalized therapeutic strategies for individuals with all forms of cancer. A leading cause of cancer’s volatile…
Chemistry
Third Award
Sorghum bicolor and Panicum virgatum are widely grown crops. Lignin, synthesized in the monolignol pathway, prevents easy access to cellulose. Reducing lignin is necessary for these crops to…
Cellular and Molecular Biology
This study is a proof-of-concept to validate if CRISPR a/i (activation/interference) system can modulate LMNA gene expression in lung cancer cells. To establish the CRISPRa/i system, I used…
Microbiology
Chronic infection with the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) often results in the development of cirrhosis and liver cancer, serving as one of the leading indications for liver transplantation. To dat…
Physics and Astronomy
The mesopause in the Martian atmosphere is the point at which the temperature is the coldest. It also divides the upper and lower atmospheres. In order for scientists to land spacecraft on M…
Animal Sciences
A camera within a Megascops kennicottii nest box recorded the activities of a breeding pair of adult owls and their young. Over 1000 hours of video footage was recorded and 450 hours was man…
Microbiology
Third Award
Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative, highly infectious bacterium. It is the causative agent of the disease tularemia, which suppresses and evades intracellular innate immune responses.…
Systems Software
After noticing the repetition of several complains from the students regarding certain topics in the curriculum, and the often incompetence of searching for information regarding what they l…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closed long non-coding RNAs with excellent prognostic and diagnostic biomarker properties for many diseases including cancer. By using liver tissues of Hepatocel…
Embedded Systems
Some of the sustainable development goals that are also included in Egypt’s grand challenges are overpopulation, consequently increasing the national consumption of resources of energy (for…
Environmental Engineering
In Zimbabwe, access to clean water is one of the greatest challenges that has resulted in about 100 000 people getting infected and about 4000 people dying annually to waterborne diseases be…
Materials Science
The global water crisis has gotten worse while freshwater sources around the world are being reduced and the quality of the water is in a constant decline. Surface water pollution is caused…
Environmental Engineering
Third Award
Hydrogen (H2) is identified as a clean energy source and can be produced from fossil fuels and biomass gasification, and water splitting using electrolysis. However, the current H2 productio…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines
The eye makes movements when attempting to see a target: the most common movements are saccades and fixational movements are microsaccades and tremor. These three types of movements have cor…
Systems Software
Disparities in rural and urban education can be sourced from many different factors, whether it be funding, location, or faculty availability. However, even with these disadvantages, many fi…
Energy: Sustainable Materials and Design
Third Award
In the modern era of the technological revolution, most energy needs are fulfilled from burning fossil fuels. They are not only depleting very fast but have adverse impacts on our environmen…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
Third Award
Over 55 million people currently have dementia with an expected rise to 135 million cases by 2050. Despite having over 82% of primary care physicians in the frontlines of dementia care, only…
Animal Sciences
Stroke, a leading cause of disability, causes brain tissue to become abruptly hypoxic. Acute hypoxia stimulates destabilization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and damages the cellular mic…
Animal Sciences
Fourth Award
Salt marsh ecosystems provide a multitude of critical ecosystem services and are dominated by the cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora. Littoraria irrorata, the marsh periwinkle, is an important…
Biomedical Engineering
Over the past several decades, excessive antibiotic use has led to the rapid development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The decreasing effectiveness of antibiotics in managing chronic wou…
Systems Software
Third Award
All disorders, particularly progressive and degenerative ones, are more severe in under-resourced areas due to lower access to diagnostic resources. A delayed or inaccurate diagnosis can be…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Water is the most important natural resource. There are many ways to prevent water evaporation, including the recently used “Shade Balls.” These four inch polyethylene balls cover reservoirs…
Plant Sciences
The soil is the most important resource in agriculture. However, every day it is found in poor conditions, or even available. The population growth and change in consumption patterns force u…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines
Abrupt climate changes around the world, coupled with the rapid growth of population, are leading to a critical shortage of water, thus creating a need for reliable, up-to-date, and efficien…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
Heart failure is the number one leading cause of death globally (17.9 million deaths annually). Earlier diagnosis is ideal for the implementation of treatment regimens for the patient. Diagn…
Systems Software
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication, caused by a history of diabetes, that slowly deteriorates a person’s vision and severely impacts those in low-income areas due to a lack of available…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Tuberculosis (TB) is a type of mycobacterial infection that has a very high mortality rate if it is left untreated. Bacteriophages are a type of virus that infects and replicates only in bac…
Physics and Astronomy
The Leidenfrost phenomenon is the term given to the phenomena observed when small quantities of a liquid are placed on an extremely hot surface. The purpose of this project is to investigate…
Biochemistry
Casein-based plastics could be a solution to the petroleum-based plastics that are plaguing the world. Using renewable and common monomers that are renewable and available around the world,…