About 1 in 8 women in the U.S. develops breast cancer during their lifetime. Breast cancer patients’ survival rates lower due to cancer metastasis during which cells detach from the primary…
Biomedical Engineering (inferred)
Every day, over 20 million Americans struggle to perform simple vital tasks such as using a phone, writing, or even filling a glass of water, because of hand motor function degradation due t…
Engineering (inferred)
The empennage, or tail, of an aircraft plays a vital role in aircraft structure and function. Four forces act upon each part of an aircraft: lift, drag, weight, and thrust, with lift and dra…
The temperature of spacecraft is influenced by the solar absorptance and thermal emittance of the external spacecraft materials. Optical and thermal properties can degrade in the low Earth o…
A study published in 2013 showed that several different species of test subjects grown in sterile environments from birth were less adaptive to stress than their wild counterparts. They also…
Environmental Engineering (inferred)
Globally, 1.3 billion tons of waste are generated per year, with production set to double by 2025. Such a large influx of refuse is costly, inefficient, and poses an environmental and public…
Earth and Environmental Sciences (inferred)
Enterococci are most commonly utilized as Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB) in the monitoring of marine and fresh waters. Their concentrations indicate the probability of the presence of pathog…
Despite their growing popularity among young consumers and their widespread availability, a consensus has yet to be reached regarding the effects of electronic cigarettes on human health. In…
Levels of alcohol consumption vary across the menstrual cycle in women and across the estrous cycle in female rats. Consumption also varies across sexes. In this study, we evaluated the diff…
Biomedical Engineering (inferred)
The regeneration of bone defects caused by trauma, fracture, and disease is a significant clinical challenge for both military and civilian patients in the United States and around the world…
Biomedical and Health Sciences (inferred)
Antigenic similarity between tumor cells and embryonic stem cells has been recognized for many years. However, treatments harnessing this similarity have achieved little success, largely due…
Biomedical Engineering (inferred)
Concussion research has become a very relevant topic across various media outlets. In the NFL there was an increase of 58% on the amount of concussions during the regular season in 2016. Con…
Biomedical and Health Sciences (inferred)
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), the most common form of autoimmune arthritis, is a progressive inflammatory autoimmune disease with unclear causes. The objective of this project was to assess how…
The Arctic treeline is the largest ecological transition zone that marks the the northernmost boundary where trees can exist. The boreal forest comes to an abrupt stop, and beyond the last s…
Animal Sciences (inferred)
Amino acids are essential to the human diet. However, little is known about how the body senses and perceives amino acids. To study chemosensory and gustatory systems on a smaller, simpler s…
Wildfires are growing in both number and intensity across the United States as a result of many factors, including climate change, extreme drought, and human impacts. With this increase of w…
According to a 2012 National Institutes of Health report, 23.5 million Americans were reported to suffer from autoimmune diseases, conditions in which the body attacks itself. This category…
Roundup, produced by the company Monsanto, is the most widely used commercial herbicide. It is a selective, broad-spectrum preparation containing the active ingredient glyphosate, polyethoxy…
Microbiology (inferred)
Approximately 1.7 million patients contract healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) each year and approximately 90,000 people die from them. Hand hygiene is the most effective way to reduce…
Bisphenol A is a chemical that has been used to make plastics and resins since the 1960s. BPA has been shown to mimic estrogen hormones, allowing it to interact with estrogen receptors affec…
Pictures represent scenes by recording different values of brightness and color at different locations. A typical digital camera has a sensor with millions of pixels. Each pixel has stored e…
Arthrospira platensis, best known as Spirulina, is a freshwater extremophile cyanobacterium that has a particularly desirable quality for Mars exploration and colonization, in that it could…
Mathematics (inferred)
The ratios used in this experiment, which were derived from the Fibonacci sequence by dividing the numbers in the sequence to get each individual ratio used. The Fibonacci sequence was deriv…
Earth and Environmental Sciences (inferred)
To gain insight into the effect that gasoline contamination and ethanol flushing (a means of counteracting gasoline contamination) have on freshwater microorganisms, research on the physiolo…
Farmers worldwide use glyphosate based herbicides (GBHs) to eliminate weeds and increase their crop yields. The active ingredient of GBHs, glyphosate, targets the shikimic acid pathway that…
Ionically crosslinked alginate hydrogels can be permantly deformed and break under mechanical stimulation due to their low elasticity and brittleness. In this study, we engineered highly ela…
Earth and Environmental Sciences (inferred)
Febreze is a brand of air fresheners and is marketed by Proctor and Gamble with world sales exceeding 1 billion dollars in 2011. In a 2009 study conducted by the Environmental Working Group,…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines (inferred)
Traffic inefficiency is a problem that will only continue to grow as more and more people take on vehicles as their primary mode of transportation. Hold ups in traffic can lead to, at best,…
Plant Sciences (inferred)
Browse is key to providing browsing animals biologically appropriate diets in captive settings. As deciduous trees make up the majority of browse available for harvest, it is not an option d…
Microbiology (inferred)
Millions of people are affected every year due to antibiotic resistant bacteria, posing a threat to human well-being. Inappropriate and over usage of antibiotics, in addition to the emergenc…