Using Dimple Technology to Optimise the Aerodynamics of Heavy Motor Vehicles

Overview

Fuel efficiency and consumption is the most important economic and ecological factor in the transport industry. This study investigates how golf-ball style dents applied on certain areas of a heavy motor vehicle’s bodywork can be used to decrease the aerodynamic drag. A Heavy vehicle scaled model was dented on several positions and tested in five wind-tunnel experiments. Validity was ensured by using an anemometer and a honeycomb straw-grid. Accuracy was ensured by properly sealing the wind tunnel and reliability by repeating it 5 times. Simulations were performed on the SolidWorks 2017 program. A normal truck (according to exact real dimensions) was used as a control with a dented and non-dented surface. It was modified and six different trucks were tested. Different variables (frictional force, velocity and pressure) and dent positions were tested at a constant speed of 80km/h. To ensure reliability 86 tests were done. According to wind-tunnel experiments the most successful dent position (1.3m/s) was on the fenders. From simulations, the ultimate design was determined to be by spoiler and rounded hind of the truck both with dents atop. The pressure (100949Pa), air velocity & wake behind the truck is also greatly reduced and also shows a smoother airflow over the truck. Wind-tunnel experiments clearly indicate a reduction in drag. Simulations show that dented surfaces and a rounder design reduces aerodynamic drag. Therefore, heavy vehicles can travel the same distances with less fuel, saving the transport industry a lot of money.

Awards (1)

• Fourth Award of $500 $500

Competition history

• ISEF 2019 Physics and Astronomy · Entry PHYS064

Resources

• ISEF abstract page ↗

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