The Effects of Different Salts on the Time Required to Make Homemade Ice Cream

Overview

Objectives/Goals Purpose:The purpose of this project is to see which of the six salts will make ice cream the quickest. It is also to see which of the salts will cause the temperature of the ice mixture in the ice cream maker to drop to the lowest degrees Celsius. Hypothesis:Our hypothesis is that sodium chloride will make the ice mixture drop to the lowest temperature. We also hypothesize that the sodium chloride in the ice cream maker will make ice cream quicker. Methods/Materials Materials list 1. vanilla flavor; 2. Sugar; 3. Ice cream maker; 4. Beakers; 5. Thermometer; 6. Table salt (sodium chloride); 7. Driveway salt (calcium chloride); 8. Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate heptahydrate); 9. Potash (potassium chloride); 10. Baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate); 11. Ammonium chloride (nushadir salt); 12. Magnetic stirrer; 13. Stir bars; 14. Scale; 15. Ice; 16. Timer. Procedure 1. While the salt was dissolving we mixed the ice cream ingredients into the Industrial Revolution Play and Freeze ice cream maker. 2. We put into the other side of the ice cream maker, 2000 ml or 2 liters of ice. We then put the dissolved salt mixture on top of ice in ice cream maker. The timer was started. 3. The ice cream maker was turn back over and the lid was removed from the side with the ice cream mixture. 4. We determined that the ice cream was complete when all of the liquid ice cream mixture appeared to have changed into ice cream. 5. Once the ice cream was made, we immediately put the lid on and turned over the maker, opened the other lid and measured the ice mixture's temperature using a (-20 - 110) oC alcohol thermometer. 6. The thermometer was taken out after 30 seconds and the temperature was then recorded. Results Salt Chemical Name Average Temp. with Average Temperature (Chemical Formula) Average Deviation (seconds) with Average Deviation (celsius) Ammonium chloride 215 (+/- 3.3) -11.0 (+/- 0.67) (NH4Cl) Sodium chloride 231.7 (+/- 5.1) -10.17 (+/- 0.56) (NaCl) Conclusions/Discussion

Competition history

• CSEF 2010 Materials Science (Junior Division Only) · Entry J1509

Resources

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