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Rebuilding Pyrogenic Soils: Evaluating Stress Impacts and Bioremediation Viability for Ecosystem Recovery

CSEF · 2026 Earth & Environmental Sciences (Track 2) (Junior Division)

Parthvi Naswa

Overview

Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity across California, producing long-term ecological impacts that persist beyond vegetation loss. One of the most significant effects occurs below ground, where fire alters soil structure, chemistry, and biological activity, increasing erosion risk and contributing to pyrogenic soil pollution. This project investigated how wildfire-induced stress affects soil properties and evaluated accessible bioremediation strategies for restoring soil function. In Phase 1, wildfire-affected soils, including ash-rich surface soil and mixed subsurface soil from the Eaton and Hasley Canyon fire areas, were compared with unburned garden soil. Bulk density measured compaction, water drop penetration and infiltration tests assessed hydrophobicity, and NPK and pH analyses evaluated chemical changes. Microbial activity was estimated using CO₂ respiration. Rainfall simulation tests assessed mudslide risks, erosion and runoff, including total dissolved solids and potential contaminant presence. In Phase 2, soil recovery was evaluated using compost, biochar, mulch-based hydroseeding, and an integrated Soil Restoration Kit. Over 16 weeks, changes in soil properties and plant growth were monitored. A biodegradable burlap-based restoration blanket was also designed to improve slope stabilization. Results indicate that integrated treatments significantly improved soil function, reduced mudslide risk and erosion potential, and supported vegetation recovery, demonstrating a scalable, community-accessible approach to post-fire restoration.

Competition history

  • CSEF 2026 Earth & Environmental Sciences (Track 2) (Junior Division) · Entry J-09-06

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