Pathophysiological Disruption of Endothelial Glycocalyx by Microplastic Contamination

Overview

Endothelial cells are a vital group of cells found in both blood and lymphatic vessels and are responsible for many physiological functions in the human body, the most significant being the production of the glycocalyx. The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich fibrous layer that lines the surface of endothelial cells and plays several key roles in the human body. However, small plastic particles, known as microplastics, can be found in the blood vessels, potentially posing a threat to the endothelial cells and the glycocalyx. These microplastics enter the body through various methods, including inhalation and ingestion. They are newly discovered, and there is little research on their effects on humans – but they are known to be very toxic.The goal of this study is to investigate the effects microplastics can have on endothelial cells and, consequently, the glycocalyx. This study utilizes two of the most common types of microplastics - polyethylene and polypropylene - to investigate the effects of microplastics on the viability of human lung endothelial cells. A trypan blue exclusion assay, ImageJ, and Cell Profiler were used to analyze cell viability and morphology. As shown through the study, microplastics do impact both cell viability and morphology significantly. This study aims to showcase the dangers of microplastics in hopes of conveying the true threat these small plastic particles pose. Through showcasing the dangers, this study hopes to show the need for further research into microplastics and for an alternative form of plastic.

Competition history

• AJAS 2026 Category not listed

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