NeuroReach: A BCI-Driven Forearm Exoskeleton with Neuroregulation-Based Feedback

Overview

Exoskeleton robots hold great promise for stroke rehabilitation with upper limb impairments. However, conventional motion-based exoskeletons often lack brain-driven control, limiting user engagement and providing insufficient support for motor learning and neuroplasticity. These systems typically operate in a passive or pre-programmed manner, offering little adaptability to the user’s cognitive state or real-time intentions —factors critical for effective neurorehabilitation and long-term sustainability in healthcare. NeuroReach introduces a next-generation neuroregulation-based rehabilitation pipeline, enabling the exoskeleton to respond dynamically to brain activity and user engagement. At its core is a Brain Computer Interface (BCI) that detects motor intention and identifies Alpha Wave Suppression, a neural biomarker of active mental engagement, enabling the exoskeleton to respond dynamically to the user's cognitive state. A custom-designed, ultra-low-cost (<$90) 16-channel Electroencephalogram (EEG) acquisition module, having >95% EEG signal acquisition accuracy, pairs with BrainFormer, a novel CNN+Transformer-based EEG classification model optimized for neurorehabilitation. BrainFormer delivers >92% classification accuracy for Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEP), and 100% recognition accuracy for 2-state Alpha Wave Suppression. The system integrates a lightweight (<1.5 kg), 5-degree-of-freedom (DOF) forearm exoskeleton with real-time haptic vibration feedback, forming a closed-loop, user-adaptive architecture with safety mechanisms. Unlike traditional exoskeletons that rely solely on mechanical motion cues, this neuroadaptive design leverages real-time brain signals to personalize movement assistance and encourage continuous user involvement. NeuroReach offers a scalable, cost-effective, and sustainable rehabilitation solution that enhances recovery outcomes, increases neuroplasticity, supports motor function restoration for individuals recovering from stroke, and reduces long-term strain on the healthcare system.

Competition history

• AJAS 2026 Category not listed

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