Mango and pomegranate seed extract can stop growth of oral bacteria

AJAS · 2022 Plant Science

Julietta Onofrietti

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Overview

Dental Caries and Periodontitis are two of the most common oral diseases causing growing global health issues in many countries around the world. Current therapeutic methods are focused on utilizing natural antimicrobials because antibiotic therapy has reached its limits to bacterial resistance. Punica granatum (pomegranate) seed extracts and Mangifera indica (mango) seed extracts from the fruit of plants are rich in antioxidant polyphenols, like flavonoids and anthocyanidins, known to have anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial and other biological properties to protect from oxidative stress and certain diseases. Streptococcus mutans is an oral bacteria found to be the main causative bacteria initiating dental caries. Fusobacterium nucleatum is a prevalent oral bacteria that increases rapidly during the progression of periodontal disease to possibly cause tooth loss and gingigval damage. In this in vitro study, intentions were to determine if the fruit seed extracts of Punica granatum (PGSE) and Mangifera indica (MISE) would inhibit the growth of S. mutans and F. nucleatum at different concentrations individually and in mixtures determined by the minimum inhibitory concentration. Mueller Hinton TSA with 5% sheep blood plates were inoculated with S. mutans and F. nucleatum, and the agar disk diffusion method was used to test positive and negative controls, and susceptibility of both pathogens to concentrations, based on the minimal inhibitory concentration. The synergistic effects of the PGSE and MISE mixtures from both of the bacteria in every concentration displayed the largest zones of inhibition circling all disks, varying from 23- 33.1mm, thus indicating the inhibitory effect of the PGSE and MISE mixtures at minimal concentrations can enhance antimicrobial efficacy against S.mutans and F. nucleatum. Integrating these natural fruit seed extract treatments or products from plants into the dental field versus using current chemical oral disease treatments could allow more effective antimicrobial control of oral biofilms, therefore possibly decreasing dental caries and periodontitis rates and levels of escalation as common oral diseases.

From the student

Please see my Billboard above regarding my use of seeds in oral disease research.

Data analysis

ANOVA statistical analysis of data used

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