Integration and Optimization of Nanoparticles for Enhanced Solar Cell Performance

Overview

This research investigates the integration of Copper(I) Oxide (Cu2O) and Titanium Nitride (TiN) nanoparticles to improve upon the efficiency and energy output of photovoltaic cells. Currently, solar energy is quickly emerging as a leading renewable resource. However, it isn't commercially competitive with nonrenewable resources due to its high upfront costs, making it inaccessible for many consumers. These costs are attributed to expensive manufacturing processes and the relatively low energy conversion rates of average commercial solar panels. This study aims to utilize the light absorption capabilities of TiN paired with the charge carrier capabilities of Cu2O to augment the efficiency of traditional photovoltaic cells. For this study, dye-sensitized solar cells were used as a model to allow for accurate and isolated nanoparticle integration at different layers of the solar cell. Through a process known as nanoparticle doping, nanoparticles are introduced into the solar cell architecture, optimizing key parameters such as light absorption, charge transport, and electrical conductivity. This study tested the single nanoparticle efficiency increases as well as the dual nanoparticle efficiency increases to conclude the optimal concentrations of each nanoparticle for maximum efficiency gain. This study achieved a 14.37% efficiency increase from the baseline 0.43% efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells through 1wt% of Cu2O paired with 0.5wt% of TiN. These findings, if reproduced in traditional solar cells, can increase power output per panel and, in turn, decrease the number of panels needed. This subsequent increase in net energy yield will allow for solar energy to become accessible to the public at competitive prices with that of nonrenewable resources in the near future.

Competition history

• AJAS 2025 Category not listed

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