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From Trash to Fashion: Transforming Grape Pomace into Natural Textile Dyes

CSEF · 2026 Chemistry (Junior Division)

Alice Feng

Overview

The textile industry is a major contributor to water pollution due to extensive use of synthetic dyes that release harmful chemicals. Meanwhile, the wine industry generates large quantities of anthocyanin-rich grape pomace, often underutilized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of grape pomace as a sustainable natural dye and investigate factors affecting dye extraction, fabric color intensity and stability. Anthocyanins were extracted from seed-removed, dried Cabernet Sauvignon grape pomace under varying pH, ethanol/water ratios, temperatures, and pomace concentrations. Five fabrics (silk, cotton, linen, nylon, polyester) were screened, and synthetic fibers showed poor dye uptake. Subsequent experiments focused on silk, cotton, and linen. Fabric color intensity (L*) was measured using a colorimeter. Total color difference (ΔE) evaluated wash and light fastness with and without alum mordant. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (p < 0.05). Results indicated that silk produced the darkest shades and best wash and light fastness. Acidic conditions (pH 2) significantly enhanced color by stabilizing anthocyanins in their flavylium form. Optimal dye uptake occurred at an ethanol/water ratio of 25/75 (v/v), extraction temperature of 40 °C, and grape pomace concentration of 40 g/L. Alum mordant improved dye stability in silk. These results demonstrate that grape pomace can serve as an effective natural dye for silk fabrics. Converting agricultural waste into a value-added textile colorant supports economy strategies and provides a sustainable alternative to synthetic dyes. Further research will focus on improving dye stability in cotton and linen, and exploring commercial applications.

Competition history

  • CSEF 2026 Chemistry (Junior Division) · Entry J-05-07

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