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How do antenna configurations affect the gain and radiation pattern?

CSEF · 2023 Electronics & Electromagnetics Honorable_mention Award

Kamat Vaed · 8

Overview

Problem: How do we set the distances and sizes of the reflector, radiator, and director elements in order to optimize the gain and radiation pattern of Yagi-Uda antenna? Procedures: I used a Yagi-Uda antenna for this project. I simulated the antennas using HFSS tool. I tested a few antennas to determine which director and reflector size and distance produces the best gain and radiation pattern. Data and brief analysis (no graphs): I started with a monopole antenna as a baseline. The antenna seemed to be relatively isotropic in the measurements surrounding the vertical component. In measurement, I found that H-plane pattern was asymmetric. This did not match with the simulation which showed symmetric H-plane pattern, maybe because of ground reflections and outside interference. Next, I tested a Yagi-Uda antenna. I set the dipole length 5% smaller than half wavelength because of the end effect. Then I set the reflector length at 1.05/2 lambda at 0.2 lambda distance from the dipole. The director length was equal to the dipole.The minimum path loss peaked at 2.16 GHz. Unfortunately though, the dB peaked behind the antenna. Next, I changed the director to 0.9 lambda/2. The gain peaked at 2.42 GHz. The peak gain also skyrocketed at 90 degrees (phi). I learnt a lot about antenna from these experiments. Conclusion: The best gain and radiation pattern is obtained when the director is 0.9 lambda/2, the dipole 0.95 lambda/2, and reflector 1.05 lambda/2 and the spacing between elements are 0.2 lambda, ⅛ lambda.

Source coverage

This record comes from a published award list, not a complete project archive. Its abstract comes from CSEF's public project showcase as archived by the Internet Archive before judging (https://web.archive.org/web/20230401224130/https://ca-csef.zfairs.com/showcase/ShowcaseInfo?f=838e60b7-ea75-46e8-865c-fde4864244b3); the version presented may differ.

Awards (1)

  • Category Award: HM

Competition history

  • CSEF 2023 Electronics & Electromagnetics · Entry J1005

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