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Apple Pomace Reinforced Biodegradable Films

CSEF · 2026 Earth & Environmental Sciences(Senior Division)

Archer Serxner

Overview

This study investigates the effect of apple pomace concentration on the tensile strength and structural performance of calcium-crosslinked alginate films as a biodegradable alternative to petroleum-based plastic packaging. With plastic pollution posing significant environmental challenges, there is increasing interest in developing compostable materials derived from renewable resources. Sodium alginate, a seaweed-based biopolymer, forms stable films when ionically crosslinked with calcium ions. Apple pomace, a byproduct of juice production that is typically discarded as agricultural waste, was incorporated into alginate films at varying concentrations to evaluate its potential as a natural reinforcing filler. Films were prepared using solution casting and crosslinked with a calcium chloride solution. Tensile strength testing was conducted using a force gauge apparatus to measure maximum stress before failure. Film thickness, flexibility, and qualitative structural characteristics were also recorded. It was hypothesized that moderate concentrations of apple pomace would increase tensile strength by improving internal fiber reinforcement, while excessive concentrations would weaken the film due to structural inconsistencies. Results indicated that films containing low to moderate pomace concentrations demonstrated increased tensile strength compared to control alginate films, while higher concentrations reduced uniformity and mechanical integrity. These findings suggest that agricultural waste materials can enhance biodegradable polymer performance when optimized properly. This research supports the development of environmentally sustainable packaging materials that reduce plastic dependence while repurposing food industry waste, contributing to circular economy practices and waste reduction strategies.

Competition history

  • CSEF 2026 Earth & Environmental Sciences(Senior Division) · Entry S-08-01

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