Analysis of the Larvicidal Biopotential of Jua Bravo (Solanum viarum Dunal) on Mosquito Larvae Causing Tropical Diseases

Overview

Disease-causing mosquitoes represent a public health problem as they are vectors of various arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya, and zika, which can cause serious sequelae in those infected, such as microcephaly, Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory rheumatism postchikungunya, and others. From this perspective, the research aims to investigate the action of the active principles of the extract from Juá Bravo (Solanum viarum Dunal) as a potential biolarvicide against culicidae dipterans. The methods to achieve the goal were: Collection of the material; Extraction of the extract; Conducting phytochemical experiments; Evaluation of the toxicity of the Solanum viarum extract on the larvae of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles sp. Among the samples subjected to bioassays, it was observed that saponin 1 and 2, which contain two sugars in their osidic unit, showed the best larvicidal activity, with an LC50 value of 100 ± 0.31 and 100 ± 0.24 mg/mL after application at a concentration of 400 mg/mL over a period of 24 hours. The application on mosquito larvae at a concentration of 20-100 µg/mL showed larvicidal activity in 12 hours of 20%, in 24 hours the larvicidal activity was 60%, and in 72 hours it was 100%. The mortality of 20 Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae exposed to the active principles in 72 hours was: glycoside (85%), steroid (56%), anthracenic (58%), and coumarin (63%). In the genetic tests with mosquitoes that came from controlled larvae, all underwent sexual dimorphism (100%), i.e., they had no capacity to reproduce, making the diseases inactive. Thus, the study indicates the importance of using natural extracts in the entomological control of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles sp in the evaluation of economically viable alternative means.

Awards (1)

• Non-Trivial: 10 scholarships for Non-trivial

Competition history

• ISEF 2024 Animal Sciences · Entry ANIM004 · Los Angeles, California, United States

Resources

• ISEF abstract page ↗

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