Biochemistry
The aromatic amino acid Tyrosine was synthesized using three types of clays, water, heat, and a few common compounds. However, initial efforts to identify Tyrosine were stymied by the sole u…
Microbiology
Bacteriophages are specific viruses that are able to infect bacteria. Multiple phage varieties have been found for multiple types of bacteria. Because of the interactions between phages and…
Engineering Mechanics
Space debris of any size can cause irreparable damage to multimillion-dollar satellites. Satellites typically dodge space debris via an orbital maneuver drawing from their finite fuel supply…
Environmental Engineering
In 2020, our world entered a new normal that includes virtual school, mask wearing and voluntary quarantines. The reason? SARS-Cov-2: COVID-19. To go back to ‘in-person’ safely, precautions…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines
Fourth Award
The biological brain can do complex visual processing, object recognition, fine motor tasks, and more, all using very little energy. A traditional computer programmed to do these things woul…
Physics and Astronomy
Second Award
Muons are elementary particles produced by cosmic radiation that have a very consistent flux, making them useful for experimentation. Muons have been used in experiments to detect magma flow…
Environmental Engineering
First Award
Produced water generated during oil and gas production is primarily disposed of through deep-well injection, which is costly, has limited receiving capacity, and induces seismicity. Produced…
Biomedical Engineering
Prosthetic arms are expensive. Without insurance, for a prosthetic arm one can be expected to pay anywhere from $2,000-$10,000 for a cosmetic and between $20,000-$100,000 for a functional ar…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
The purpose of this project was to figure out whether or not one’s brain dominant hemisphere affects stress levels. Studies have proven one can change their brain dominant hemisphere; if sig…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
This project helped determine which type of toxic chemicals found in vaping products would have the greatest impact on growth/development of yeast cells in both liquid and aerosol cultures.…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Ground-level ozone is a photochemical smog and secondary pollutant that is harmful to urban populations by increasing the risk of heart and lung disease and harming agricultural crops. It is…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Gene expression is regulated by proteins known as transcription factors, which bind to specific DNA sequences called enhancers. Enhancers activate nearby genes, but there is still a limited…
Biochemistry
This project aims to determine the concentration of gliadin in the soluble proteins of gluten, and five different flour types (all purpose, bread, cake, pastry, and self-rising flours), with…
Environmental Engineering
Freshwater accounts for 2.5% of the planet’s water, and the U.N.’s estimated 7.7 billion people on Earth are taxing that supply. With 3,100 cubic miles of freshwater vapor trapped in the atm…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
The purpose of this project was trying to start to advocate that Abandoned Uranium Mines on the Navajo Nation needs to be taken seriously and mentioned to the residents living on the Navajo…
Translational Medical Science
Thousands of people are affected by ovarian cancer each year. Usually, ovarian cancer is not detected in the early stages. Typically, the cancer is detected when a tumor is already formed. T…
Microbiology
The aim of this project was to create qPCR assays for lifestyle determination of Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage. Bacteriophage are viruses that infect bacteria and therefore have antiba…
Physics and Astronomy
In 1912, Victor Hess observed cosmic rays for the first time. With his discovery, physicists were able to detect and theorize new particles such as the positron, muon, and pion. Hess’ discov…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines
Mission-critical communications (MCC) refer to those that support operations involving high risk to human life and property. As RF spectrum becomes highly contested, ensuring mission success…
Mathematics
The problem of finding the largest pi/2-avoiding spherical set first appeared in the AMS monthly journal in 1974. H. S. Witsenhausen asked readers to determine alpha(n)=(|U|)/(|S^(n-1) |), w…
Environmental Engineering
The purpose of this project is to identify which of the four types of firewood (pine, pinon, oak, and cedar) produce the most carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, with the addition of particulat…
Chemistry
The purpose of this investigation was to find the catalytic abilities of clay, and to determine if clay could have served as a catalyst for the creation of biomolecules during the prebiotic-…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
The purpose is to understand mechanisms associated with obesity and utilize natural or pharmaceutical anti-obesity medications on growth of nematodes. The hypothesis is anti-obesity medicati…
Robotics and Intelligent Machines
In many applications, there is a high risk of wireless links getting jammed, leading to potentially disastrous outcomes. Although cognitive radios (CR) are envisioned to be an effective solu…
Microbiology
Bacteria cause numerous issues when they infect water sources, including bacterial disease, which affects billions of people annually, aquarium and aquaculture issues, and environmental issu…
Biomedical Engineering
Third Award
Type 1 and 2 diabetics typically require exogenous insulin to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Insulin pumps have been shown to significantly improve quality of life and diabetes manage…
Environmental Engineering
Third Award
Malnutrition is the leading cause of child death and treatment reaches only a small fraction of those in need due to costly recipes and inefficient supply chains. Here we develop a three-com…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
At what point do our psychological needs compel us to ignore possible health risks? Could we be turning a blind eye to the possibly harmful effects caused by a simple communication device? A…
Translational Medical Science
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) comprises approximately 90% of all head and neck cancers and represents the sixth most common type of cancer worldwide. Surgery, radiotherapy an…
Mathematics
Magic squares are defined as matrices whose rows, columns, and main diagonals all add to the same number. They have existed and have been a topic of great interest since as early as 190 BCE,…