Materials Science
Freshwater is becoming a depleting resource globally due to climate change, urbanization, and pollution. Thus, there is an urgent need for decentralized and energy-efficient freshwater gener…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) exhibits substantial heterogeneity in long-term developmental outcomes. Children with similar early symptoms often follow divergent cognitive and adaptive-func…
Chemistry
Arsenic contamination in groundwater affects over 200 million people globally. Inorganic arsenic, mainly arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)), is classified as a Group 1 human carcinogen,…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
Purpose: Current anti-cancer adoptive cell immunotherapies have three major hurdles: extraction and preservation of autologous cells; engineering, expansion, and activation of cells ex vivo;…
Plant Sciences
Harmful agricultural practices have degraded topsoil and reduced organic matter, leaving farmers reliant on costly and damaging soil amendments. This threatens the ability to produce food fo…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
The gut and adipose tissue work in concert to modulate metabolic health and the immune system by producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). FFAR2 signaling plays a vital role in regulating m…
Translational Medical Science
Purpose: Neuroblastoma and glioblastoma are highly aggressive malignant neural tumors affecting pediatric and adult populations respectively. Both are associated with very poor prognoses des…
Translational Medical Science
Embryo selection for Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET) is routinely based on subjective parameters. In most modern In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) labs a quantitative approach for embryo selection i…
Biomedical Engineering
The growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections has impacted tens of millions of lives by reducing antibiotic effectiveness and worsening infections, which increases heal…
Biomedical Engineering
Purpose or Problem: Millions of people suffer from stammering, and adult severe stammering patients have a low chance of recovery. Other temporary alleviation methods are not consistent or a…
Computational Biology and Bioinformatics
Whole-slide histopathology images(WSIs) form the backbone of AI development in cancer research. However, their high curation cost, gigapixel complexity, and limited availability across insti…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
Although hypothyroidism has been extensively studied for its effect on human health, its impact on skeletal development remains insufficiently explored. Thyroid hormones are regulators of bo…
Biomedical and Health Sciences
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction and neuron loss, with limited current treatments, revealing a critical gap. Heat shock…
Translational Medical Science
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) remains a significant health concern, accounting for over 436,000 deaths annually in the United States. An electrocardiogram (EKG) signal can help to identify ris…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Oak decline is a global phenomenon threatening oak tree populations, the economic value of timber, and ecosystems. This study addresses a research gap by analyzing factors contributing to oa…
Cellular and Molecular Biology
Cortical interneurons (INs) are a diverse group of INs crucial for regulating excitatory pyramidal neuron (EPN) activity– with dysfunction in certain IN types linked to neurological disorder…
Systems Software
The purpose of this engineering design project is to create and optimize an AI-based tool that uses a patient's textual descriptions of symptoms to predict the potential severity of their co…
Translational Medical Science
One of the most common complications of chemotherapy treatment is febrile neutropenia (FN), affecting 50% of patients with a mortality rate as high as 21%. Oftentimes, fever is the first and…
Materials Science
With the exponentially increasing use of lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage requirements, such as from solar or wind turbine generated power, the urge…
Systems Software
Sabre fencing is a sport of split-second decisions, where in 60% of points, both fencers land touches within milliseconds of each other. In such cases, determining who earns the point is ent…
Engineering Technology: Statics & Dynamics
Compared to common open-loop stepper motors, 3-Phase synchronous motors can deliver superior responsiveness, repeatability, and speed with minimal noise, wear, and heat. Brushless DC (BLDC)…
Mathematics
In traditional Sudoku, players are tasked with filling a 9x9 board with the numbers 1 through 9, with each number appearing once and not repeating in each column, row, and 3x3 subgrid. In Ki…
Physics and Astronomy
The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is an astronomical phenomenon that serves as a direct snapshot of the early Universe and is imprinted with the interactions of galaxy clusters. The most…
Translational Medical Science
Radiation therapy stands as a cornerstone in cancer treatment, serving over 10 million new patients annually and requiring precise dose delivery. Custom boluses, which are tissue-like materi…
Behavioral and Social Sciences
Parasocial relationships are one-sided, unreciprocated emotional bonds that develop despite having never interacted directly. Their prevalence has increased via the rise of influencers, who…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Biodiversity is essential for ecosystem health and stability. Though springtails are widely accepted as decomposers, recent studies suggest they may also be keystone organisms. Since native…
Biochemistry
Cancer cells can develop chemoresistance, causing treatment failure in over 90% of metastatic cancer patients. GPX4 inhibitors are promising ferroptosis inducers for chemoresistant tumors bu…
Physics and Astronomy
Recent discoveries like GJ 9827 d's water-rich atmosphere have brought to light an understudied class of exoplanets—water worlds. The discovery of water in this exoplanet atmosphere simultan…
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Fourth Award
Over the period from 2008 to 2022, the United States experienced 263 tropical cyclones in the Atlantic basin. The ability to accurately predict the track of tropical cyclones is essential fo…
Environmental Engineering
The production of nitrogen fertilizers has made it possible to grow enough crops to keep up with the growing population. This excessive input of nitrogen fertilizers on crops is causing leac…